Monetary and Fiscal Policy to Grow Business †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Monetary and Fiscal Policy to Grow Business. Answer: Introduction: Like any institution, a business enterprise also has an organizational structure and certain normative frameworks under which the enterprise operates. The factors of production can be broadly divided into four categories, namely land, labour, capital and organization. The managers are the factor, who organizes the production process of any enterprise. Generally, the manager of a company is in charge of the overall production operation of the company. The roles of the managers mostly consist of managing the different sides, taking significant decisions regarding the pricing and quantity of production of the product or service provided by the concerned enterprise, employment and wage structures, new ventures and others (Burstrm and L. Wilson 2014). A good manager by nature tends to be adaptive to any unanticipated or anticipated changes, is adept enough to take necessary strategies, and changes such that the interest of his or her company is not jeopardized. The report discusses the strategies in the resilience package designed by the manager of such a local multinational company, in response to different policy dynamics in the economy. Monetary and Fiscal Policy: The economy as a whole and the business enterprises in particular are subjected to sufficient dynamics in their mode of operations depending upon the policy structure prevailing in the economy and the changes that occur in these policy frameworks from time to time, depending upon the actions of the governing authority of the country. The policies maybe broadly divided into two types, mainly monetary and fiscal policies. The monetary policies are those policies, which deal with the nominal economic variables such as price, nominal wage, cost and others. On the other hand, the fiscal policies deal with the dynamics of the real variables such as level of output, real income, purchasing power and others. Changes in monetary and fiscal policies, both expansionary as well as contracting ones, have significant impact on the operations of the business enterprises as much of their business strategy implementations and future profitability and prospects depend upon how the enterprises adapt to these policy changes. The managers play a key role in designing and implementing strategies in response to these changes, which determines the fate of their company (Goetsch and Davis 2014). Policy changes and strategies in response: a) Expansionary monetary policy- This type of policy, if undertaken, increases the liquidity in the economy, by increasing the money supply and the overall level of demand as a whole. In response to that, the manager of the local multi-national company can expect an upward trend in the demand for the commodities or services, which they produce, as people tend to buy more with an increased money supply. To gain from the situation the manager can increase the production of his company as well as increase the price of the product to some extent, as that is expected to increase the revenue earned by the firm to considerable extent (Afonso and Sousa 2012). b) Contractionary monetary policy- In many instances, to curb high inflationary pressure and decease the money in hand of people, contractionary monetary policies are undertaken, which in turn reduces the money supply and the aggregate demand in the economy. In such a situation, due to a fall in aggregate demand levels, the manager can speculate a decrease in the decrease in the demand for their product. To combat this crisis, the manager can take price-reducing strategies, such that the demand is not affected by huge magnitude and the company succeeds to maintain its clientele (Kiyotaki and Moore 2012). c) Expansionary fiscal policy- During recessionary periods, strategies of these types are taken to increase the disposal income in the hands of households. This is mostly done by reducing tax burden and increasing the public expenditure and results in an increase in aggregate demand. In response of implementation of such a policy and a resulting increase in the aggregate demand, the manager of the concerned company can take production increasing strategies, which can include incorporation of better technologies, skilled labor and other production augmenting techniques (Afonso and Sousa 2012). d) Contractionary fiscal policy- Inflationary pressures can be often combated with contractionary fiscal policies, as they are more effective than those of the monetary policies are. Contractionary fiscal policies include increase in the taxes and decreasing public expenditures, thereby decreasing the households disposable income, lowering the aggregate demand. In response to this, apart from reducing the prices of the product, the manager can also design quantity-reducing strategies to save the company from suffering huge losses in terms of excess and unsold productions (Kiyotaki and Moore 2012). Conclusion: The report discusses about the strategies that can be taken by the managers of business enterprise in response to the changes in the policy framework. Apart from the above discussed strategies, the manager can also take strategies in terms of advertisement, workers welfare and incentives, proper interactions with the clientele and fast redressal or appropriate actions in response to their queries and complaints, which can prove to be beneficial for his company in the long run. References Afonso, A. and Sousa, R.M., 2012. The macroeconomic effects of fiscal policy.Applied Economics,44(34), pp.4439-4454. Burstrm, T. and L. Wilson, T., 2014. Requirement managers roles in industrial, platform development.International Journal of Managing Projects in Business,7(3), pp.493-517. Goetsch, D.L. and Davis, S.B., 2014.Quality management for organizational excellence. Upper Saddle River, NJ: pearson. Kiyotaki, N. and Moore, J., 2012.Liquidity, business cycles, and monetary policy(No. w17934). National Bureau of Economic Research.

Can You Recover Memories of Childhood Abuse Essay Example For Students

Can You Recover Memories of Childhood Abuse Essay The idea of whether a memory can be forgotten and then remembered, and the thought of suggesting a memory and then have it remembered are at the heart of the childhood abuse issue. Most clinical psychologists believe recovered memory is rare, although laboratory studies have shown that the memory is usually not accurate and can be influenced by outside factors. This issue has not been directly studied since researchers have not subjected people to traumatic events to test their memory of them. Therefore, it has not been determined if a traumatic event is encoded and stored differently in memory compared to a non-traumatic event. (American Psychological Association, 1995). Traumas affect the short and long term memory of children differently from adults. Some believe childhood trauma may lead to problems in memory storage and retrieval. Severe forms of child sexual abuse are conducive to disturbances of memory such as disassociation or delayed memory. Researchers have argued that there is no support that disassociation shelters people from the pain of memory. There is a consensus among researchers and clinicians that most people that were sexually abused as children remember most of the encounter. (American Psychological Association, 1995). The issue that relates to Recovered memory versus a pseudomemory continues to have conflicting views. Most leaders agree that it is a rare occurrence that early childhood abuse that has been forgotten can be remembered later. The leaders also agree that it is possible to construct psuedomemories for events that never happened. A growing body of research evidence suggests that psuedomemories of child abuse even though it never happened are both persistent and convincing. (Brainerd Reyna, 1998). The issues that relate to the validity of memories of childhood abuse has raised many critical issues for the psychological community. Several issues have not been solved which points to the ideas that many areas of research must still be pursued. Some of them are as follows: †¢ Need a better understanding of how we store recollections of events in memory both accurate and inaccurate. (American Psychological Association, 1995). †¢ Determine which clinical techniques are more likely to lead to the creation of false memories versus those that create conditions where actual events of childhood abuse can be remembered accurately.

Relationships between Gods and Mortals in Greco

The relationships between gods and mortals are one of the central themes of Greco-Roman mythology. Though gods and goddesses obtain the ultimate power and can rule over destinies of men, they not always are depicted as the voice of justice and sometimes use their might for satisfying their personal needs and compensating for the weaknesses of their character. The popularity of the theme of love affairs between the gods and the mortals can be explained with the peculiarities of the concept of divinity in Greeks and Romans.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Relationships between Gods and Mortals in Greco-Roman Mythology specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Along with supporting humans during their wars and interfering into the earth conflicts, gods often fell in love with mortals though it was prohibited by the divine laws. On the one hand, it can be explained with the weakness of character of gods. On the other hand, re alizing their enormous power and lack of restraints, the divine creatures could be certain that they just could afford themselves violating the rules without fear of future punishment. There are a great number of examples when the relationships between gods and mortals ended as marriage-type of love. These include, for example, Ariadne marrying ,Dionysus, the Greek god of grape harvest and winemaking, Tithonus marrying Eos, the Greek goddess of the dawn, and Psyche marrying Eros (Cupid in Roman mythology), the god of sexual love. At the same time, there is a wide range of relationships between the gods and the humans without marriage, the so-called lust-type of love. These are the couples of the goddess Aphrodite and her young lover Adonis and relationships between Zeus and mortal women Alkmene, Semele, and Leda. The majority of god-mortal couples bore children who could become a Demigod or a hero. Hesiod, a Greek oral poet even compiled the prolonged lists of mortal women who had r elationships with gods and children who were born from divine and mortal couples. â€Å"Since many aristocratic families and even entire cities traced their lineages to these heroes, this extensive list acts as a bridge between the Theogony and the world of Hesiod’s audience† (Trzaskoma 131). Thus, looking for their forefathers in these lists, ancient Greeks and Romans rationalized the beliefs in their own divine origin. The representation of the love liaisons between gods and mortals in Greek and Roman myths removes the distinct line between the divine and mortal origin of heroes and changes the traditional interpretation of the concept of divinity as the voice of justice which is deprived of biases. Another interpretation of relationships between the gods and the mortals is presented in Euripides’ play Hippolytus in which Artemis as the goddess of chastity rejects to protect her human lover Hippolytus. As opposed to numerous examples of divine lovers who prote cted their favourites and interfered in the earth affairs, Artemis decides to take revenge on Aphrodite who kills her lover in future by killing Aphrodite’s next mortal favorite.Advertising Looking for essay on literature languages? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The goddess of chastity admits that â€Å"This is the settled custom of the gods: no one may fly in the face of another’s wish: we remain aloof and neutral† (Euripides 69). This interpretation of the divine rules contradicts a plenty of examples from the Greek and Roman myths in which the gods and goddesses make attempts to ruin plans of other gods for the purpose of achieving their own goals. At the same time, one of possible explanations of Artemis’ choice can be found in the peculiarities of her sphere. The goddess of chastity is expected to follow the rules even violating her own interests. Still, this perspective on both the relation ships between the gods and gods and mortals is valuable for presenting the wide range of existing approaches to defining the concept of divinity in Greeks and Romans. As opposed to pure and innocent feelings of Artemis, the plot of another Euripides’ play Ion is based on lust kind of relationships between gods and mortals. According to the myth, the god Apollo raped Creusa and she bore a child Ion, one of the main protagonists of the play. Though these events are not depicted in the work, this background information is central for interpreting the following development of the events. The play depicts the destiny of Ion who does not know who his parents are till the end when the truth is disclosed. The theme of destiny of half-divine children who are sometimes regarded as bastards is central for the play because Apollo’s act ruined lives of several mortals, making them suffer. The Apollo-Creusa liaison can be considered as one of the most disgusting examples of lust kin d of relationships between the divine and mortal characters in all the Greek and Roman mythology which, however, adds new shades of meaning to the interpretation of the concept of deity by ancient people. Instead of separating the worlds of gods and mortals, Greek and Romans depict the numerous examples of liaisons between divine and human characters in their myths, expressing their unique views on deity and the weaknesses of gods. Works Cited Euripides, Moses Hadas, John McLean. Ten Plays by Euripides. New York: Bantam Books. 1981. Print. Trzaskoma, Stephen, Scott Smith, and Stephen Brunet (eds.) Anthology of Classical Myth: Primary Sources in Translation. Cambridge: Hackett Publishing Company. 2004. Print.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Relationships between Gods and Mortals in Greco-Roman Mythology specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More This essay on Relationships between Gods and Mortals in Greco-Roman Mythology was written and submitted by user Bryleigh H. to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

The Italian Phonetic Alphabet - How to Spell

The Italian Phonetic Alphabet - How to Spell Bravissimo! You finally learned how to use the phone in Italy. Like many other Italians you pass on the street who have a cellphone attached to his ear, you can now discuss the most banal moments of the day. You quickly discover, though, that there are times when, no matter how clearly you pronounce Italian words, the person on the other end of the line cannot understand you. It could be static, it could be because youre skiing in the Dolomites or traveling by hydrofoil to the island of Stromboli and reception is poor. But you need to make yourself understood, otherwise youll miss out on those tickets to opening night at La Scala. Fortunately, theres the alfabeto fonetico- the Italian phonetic alphabet. Ancona, Bologna, CataniaMention the phonetic alphabet to a native-English speaker, and the first phrase that comes to mind is: Alpha Bravo Charlie. It stands for ABC, and is used in the military to avoid miscommunication. Its also frequently used by anyone speaking on the phone (to a customer service represenative, for instance) to spell out words (or portions of those words) to confirm the correct spelling. If its necessary to sound out the spelling of a word in Italian, by convention the following cities (typically provincial capital cities)- or alternate terms- are most commonly used to refer to each letter of the alphabet. The list of cities is not fixed, though, and even native-Italian speakers sometimes disagree about which cities to refer to. Therefore instead of Catania, one could also use Como, Capri or any other well known location. The only rule is to avoid a letter/town combination that could be mistaken for a different pair. Italian Phonetic AlphabetA come AnconaB come Bologna (or Bari or Brescia)C come Catania (or Como)D come DomodossolaE come Empoli (or Enna)F come FirenzeG come GenovaH come Hotel (acca)I come ImolaJ (gei or i lunga) come jolly (the joker in Italian card games) (or Jugoslavia)K (kappa) come KursaalL come LivornoM come MilanoN come NapoliO come OtrantoP come Palermo (or Padova or Pisa)Q come QuadernoR come RomaS come Savona (Sassari or Siena)T come Torino (Taranto)U come UdineV come Venezia (Verona)W (vi/vu doppio) come Washington (Wagner)X (ics) come Xanto (xilofono)Y come ipsilon (York or yacht)Z come Zara (Zurigo or zeta)

Organization importance Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Organization importance - Essay Example Of course, the club fulfills its responsibilities as well as other similar organizations all over the world. However, lets see how good directly Islamic clubs are in which the unifying and underlying factor is the religion. The first point which College administration can pay attention at, is how do participating in the Club influences the studying. Currently a lot of talks are about the wonders of the Quran. This topic is interesting from the point of view of science. Through research many of the events are proved basing on scientific facts, as well as wonderful prophecy. In the verses of the Quran there are truthful revelations that came true and continue to come true nowadays. It may sound surprising, in the Quran there is no blind faith and fear, and it is based on the principle of calling people to think, learn and take responsibility for their actions. Do not forget what a huge contribution to the development of society Muslim scholars did. The Muslims became the founders of such sciences as arithmetic, analytic geometry, spherical trigonometry and planar. The vast majority of Muslim scholars were pious people. According to Islamic laws, every believer should strive for knowledge. The first Muslims differed not only by fear of God, but also the freedom of thinking, readiness to accept new, for example, in the technology. Quran affects a lot of sciences - astronomy, physics, geography, geology, oceanography, biology, botany, zoology, history, medicine and physiology (Fatoohi 86). Thus it is interesting for scientists from different areas (Fatoohi 91). Europe was still in the dark ages, when the religious Muslims invited their first discoveries. A lot of important things were brought to Europe from Muslim regions, â€Å"such as Arabic numerals with the principle of the zero vital to the advancement of mathematics and the use of algebra† (Fatoohi 91). The idea of

Technology and Society Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Technology and Society - Essay Example While the instrumental theory sees technology as an instrument, the substantive theory sees technology changing society. 1) What does technology or media determinism mean Technology determinism seeks to explain social and historical phenomena in terms of one principal or determining factor. It focuses on causality - cause and effect relationships - a focus typically associated with scientific explanation. 2) What are technology-led theories Technology is seen as a 'prime mover' in history; particularly technological development, communication technologies, media, or technology in general are the sole or prime antecedent of changes in society and technology is seen as the fundamental condition underlying the pattern of social organization. 4) What does reductionism mean in terms of technological determinism Reductionism aims to reduce a complex whole to the effects of one part (or parts) upon another part (or parts). It is utilized in a linear or one way manner. Technological determinism is mono-causal. It offers a single cause or 'independent variable'. 5) Describe the difference between reductionism and holism. Reductionism discusses a complex whole in terms of parts.

Music Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 15

Music - Essay Example The written parts of music were created for Bennett’s stunning ensemble called Decibel. The work was inspired by paintings of Marcel Dzama, a Canadian painter. The chosen composition is the first part of the album; it virtually opens â€Å"Dzama stories†. â€Å"Vagabonds and Blood from the Earth† is surely a powerful composition for the album opening (in combination with the calm intro). Here, like in the rest of the album, Bennett created a powerful and balanced interplay of structural written music fragments and immediate striking improvisation. Then, the sharp â€Å"edge† between calm fragment of the introduction and â€Å"blitzkriegs of turbulence, throbbing and thumping in turn† (Graham) seems to be rather innovative and daring, and the composition is significant as a part of Bennett’s â€Å"sound† representation (or â€Å"reading†) of Dzama’s works. To my thinking, the composition is virtually overwhelming in terms of emotional charge, and even thrilling (due to piercing strings and sharp dramatic transitions between calm and intense parts). In the moments of intensification (when strings reach especially high pitches and the entire composition becomes chaotic to some extent), th is piece could even be associated with a horror movie or a thriller. However, despite my deep respect towards the talent and creativity of this composer, this piece evokes rather negative and turbulent emotions in me: anxiety and some intangible